Estimated 1RM calculator

An estimated one-rep max (1RM) is the most weight you could lift once, worked out from a set of a few reps. This calculator uses two common formulas: Epley, weight × (1 + reps/30), and Brzycki, weight × 36/(37 − reps). Use a hard set of 10 reps or fewer, because estimates get less reliable with more reps.

Last updated By ArchiFit

Calculator

Unit
Average 1RM
114.5 kg
Epley
116.5 kg
Brzycki
112.5 kg

Percentages of the estimated 1RM (100 × 5 shown until you change the inputs)
% of 1RMWeight
95%109
90%103
85%97.5
80%91.5
75%86
70%80
65%74.5
60%69

Results round to 0.5 kg or 1 lb. One rep returns the weight itself. The calculator runs in your browser and sends nothing.

How are the Epley and Brzycki formulas worked out?

Both formulas scale the weight you lifted by the number of reps you got.

Example: 100 kg for 5 reps gives about 116.7 kg by Epley and 112.5 kg by Brzycki. The two formulas give the same result at 10 reps. Below 10 reps Epley gives the higher estimate, and above 10 Brzycki does.

Which formula is more accurate?

Neither is exact for everyone. LeSuer et al. (1997) tested seven equations on 67 untrained college students. Predicted and actual 1RMs correlated highly (r above 0.95), but for the bench press and squat most equations still missed the actual average, and every equation underestimated the deadlift. Treat any estimate as a starting point, and expect it to vary by lift.

How many reps should the set have?

Fewer is better. In Reynolds et al. (2006), 5-rep-max sets predicted 1RM most accurately, and the authors concluded that no more than 10 reps should be used in linear equations. This calculator accepts up to 12 reps to match the limit ArchiFit uses in its own analysis. A hard set of about 5 reps gave the most accurate predictions in that study.

How do you use percentages of your 1RM?

Programs often prescribe weights as a percentage of 1RM. The American College of Sports Medicine recommends that novice to intermediate lifters train with 60–70% of 1RM for 8–12 reps, and that advanced lifters cycle loads of 80–100% of 1RM to maximize strength (ACSM, 2009). The table above turns your estimate into those weights.

How ArchiFit uses estimated 1RM

ArchiFit's 8-week analysis uses the Epley formula on sets of 12 reps or fewer. It reports a lift's estimate from first day to last when reps rise at the same weight, and flags body parts whose estimate rose more than 5% since you started them. When your best set falls short of your plan's rep range, Epley also sets the lighter weight to try next. The full method lists every rule.

More guides: progressive overload when you train alone, rep ranges and splits, and all guides.

General fitness information, not medical advice.

Sources

  1. Macarilla CT, et al. Accuracy of predicting one-repetition maximum from submaximal velocity in the barbell back squat and bench press. J Hum Kinet. 2022;82:201-212. (States the Epley and Brzycki equations as used in earlier work.) doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2022-0046
  2. Beia R, et al. Sports (Basel). 2024;12(9):233. (Table 1 gives the Brzycki equation, 1RM = rep weight / (1.0278 − 0.0278 × reps).) doi.org/10.3390/sports12090233
  3. Brzycki M. Strength testing: predicting a one-rep max from reps-to-fatigue. J Phys Educ Recreat Dance. 1993;64(1):88-90. doi.org/10.1080/07303084.1993.10606684
  4. LeSuer DA, McCormick JH, Mayhew JL, Wasserstein RL, Arnold MD. The accuracy of prediction equations for estimating 1-RM performance in the bench press, squat, and deadlift. J Strength Cond Res. 1997;11(4):211-213. doi.org/10.1519/00124278-199711000-00001
  5. Reynolds JM, Gordon TJ, Robergs RA. Prediction of one repetition maximum strength from multiple repetition maximum testing and anthropometry. J Strength Cond Res. 2006;20(3):584-92. doi.org/10.1519/R-15304.1
  6. American College of Sports Medicine. Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009;41(3):687-708. doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181915670